[加密新闻360]FA Hayek 的远见：想象比特币的 Unstoppa

FA哈耶克的远见：想象比特币通过“狡猾、迂回的方式”势不可挡的崛起

近年来，围绕著名建筑师和系统理论家巴克敏斯特·富勒的富有远见的预测的讨论蓬勃发展，据说他预见到了类似于比特币的概念。同样，工业巨头亨利·福特因设想出一种具有停止战争潜力的新型能源货币而受到赞誉。此外，自由市场经济学领域的杰出人物、诺贝尔奖获得者弗里德里希·哈耶克被认为预言了类似比特币的系统。参考资料通常包括 1984 年的一段视频，其中哈耶克推测未来会利用“狡猾、迂回的方式”开始“在某件事上开户”。

哈耶克认为政府控制抑制了货币创新

弗里德里希·奥古斯特·冯·哈耶克（Friedrich August von Hayek），通常被称为 FA Hayek（1899-1992），是一位有影响力的自由市场经济学家和哲学家。在路德维希·冯·米塞斯的指导下，哈耶克成为米塞斯在维也纳举办的私人研讨会上的敏锐思想家之一，在米塞斯的专家指导下与他的大学同行进行了深入的交流。 1974年10月9日，他对经济科学的贡献被授予诺贝尔经济学纪念奖。

另一位杰出的奥地利经济学家米尔顿·弗里德曼（Milton Friedman）因预见到类似比特币的系统而受到广泛认可，而哈耶克也因暗示类似于中本聪革命性数字货币的概念而受到广泛认可。 1984 年的一段视频捕捉到了一个值得注意的时刻，哈耶克在视频中深入研究了法律、语言和货币的演变。他评论道：“幸运的是，现在法律和语言已经得到了发展。货币以其最初的形式出现，但一旦以最原始的形式出现，它就被冻结了。”

哈耶克补充道：

钱币经过两三百年后，各国政府都纷纷出手，停止了进一步的开发。各国政府表示不能再进一步发展。我们不被允许进行实验。金钱并没有得到改善。随着时间的推移，金钱变得越来越糟糕。

实现货币非国有化的狡猾而迂回的方式

The economist remarked that our experience with currency to date has involved governmental creations of money, which have been “mostly wrong” and “mostly abuses of money.” “I have come to the position of asking, has monetary policy ever done any good?” Hayek inquired. “I don’t think so,” he said. Hayek was adamant that it has merely caused “harm,” and he advocated for what he termed the “denationalization of money.”

Upon being questioned by the interviewer on how the system he imagined would function, or whether a private entity such as Chase could circulate its own currency, Hayek offered a simple smile in response. He then said, “While the governments can stop people from issuing money, they can hardly stop them from opening accounts into something. After all, in a modern world hand to hand money, coins, and paper are no longer the most important,” Hayek explained.

The economist continued:

Credits and credit cards are substitutes. So I think we can forget about existing money and existing banks. And open a system of accounts which would displace money … I don’t believe that we shall ever have good money again before we take the thing out of the hands of the government. We can’t take them violently out of the hands of the government, [then] all we can do is by some sly, roundabout way [and] introduce something they can’t stop.

Hayek penned a seminal work titled “The Denationalisation of Money” in 1976, followed by an updated edition in 1978, “Denationalisation of Money: The Argument Refined.” Within these pages, Hayek advocates for dismantling the government’s sole authority to mint currency. He champions the full privatization of the monetary system, asserting that the fabrication, allocation, and oversight of currency should entirely reside within the domain of the free market. This laissez-faire approach, the famed economist posits, would pave the way for monetary innovations.

Following Hayek’s death, several initiatives emerged in the United States aiming to privatize currency, yet they encountered governmental opposition. For example, in 1998, Bernard von NotHaus introduced The Liberty Dollar, a private currency backed by precise amounts of precious metals. By 2007, the U.S. government had seized the company’s bank accounts, closed its website, and levied numerous charges against its founder. Similarly, E-gold faced a shutdown in 2007 after offering a digital currency exchangeable for gold.

美国政府声称电子黄金计划助长了洗钱活动。相比之下，比特币在两年后出现，恰逢大衰退的开始。与电子黄金和自由美元不同，比特币的独特之处在于其运行无需集中管理。神秘的创造者中本聪（Satoshi Nakamoto）推出了一个类似于哈耶克设想的系统，使人们能够“开设一个可以取代金钱的账户系统”。比特币的诞生远非传统，它体现了一种“狡猾、迂回的方式”来引入不可阻挡的创新。

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